Library Ontology

Library Ontology Draft

Editor: Jakob Voß (but everybody feel free to modify this page, it's a wiki!)

The Library Ontology is a proposed RDFS/OWL ontology to describe information about libraries in RDF. Up to now it is drafted in an open planning phase. There are many formats and some ontologies for bibliographic data, addresses, and places which could be reused (instead of reinventing the wheel). Information about libraries is collected in several library registries which could be mapped to the Library Ontology.

No background needed but fluent in RDF/Turtle syntax? Then goto Library Ontology Concepts!

Purpose

The purpose of the Library Ontology can best be described by examples and use cases. For example how do you state and express (in RDF) ...

• that something is a library?
• that some library building belongs to a given library institution?
• opening times in RDF?
• the URL of the OPAC of a library?
• which fees are bound to the use of the library (library card, reminder charges etc.)?
• that a given collection is held by one library?
• that a given collection is owned by someone?
• the type of a library (if "type" is a usefull concept at all)?
• ...

please add more use-cases when you stumble upon!

Some information can be expressed by existing Ontologies like vCard, but surely there are concepts and relationships which only make sense in context of libraries. The Library Ontology should define this RDFS/OWL classes and properties and collect existing classes and properties to be used for the description of libraries.

Concepts

The basic concepts of the Library Ontology are collected at the page Library Ontology Concepts.

Existing library registries

The International ISIL Agency maintains a registry of library registries which act as local ISIL authorities.

• English speaking countries or international
  • lib-web-cats: maintained by Marshall Breeding
  • WorldCat Registry: by OCLC
  • LibWeb: only name, place, and URL
  • Talis Directory
  • LibraryThing Local
  • IRSpy: Indexdata Z39.50 Target Directory
  • OCKHAM Digital Library Services Registry
  • Registry of Open Access Repositories (ROAR)
• Germany
  • ISIL- und Sigelverzeichnis: German ISIL registry
  • BibDir: proposed German project
  • Deutsche Bibliotheken Online: will be replaced by BibDir
  • VdB Jahrbuch: German printed registry
  • Jahrbuch der Öffentlichen Bibliotheken: Another German printed registry
  • WEBIS: special collections of the distributed German National Library

Other related projects:

• Global Information Locator Service (GILS)

Other linked data sources with library information

• libris.kb.se
• dbpedia
• ...

Relevant formats and models

• RDFS/OWL Ontologies
  • Dublin Core Collections Application Profile
  • Service Application Profiles of UK's National Knowledge Service Metadata Registry (Working draft, hasn't been updated since 2007)
  • Dublin Core Metadata Terms
  • FOAF
  • Event Ontology
  • SKOS
  • vCard
  • Basic Geo (WGS84 lat/long) Vocabulary
  • FRBR
  • Talis Library Schema
  • Talis Address Schema
  • Talis Directory Schema
  • Bibliographic Ontology (Bibo): OWL Ontology
  • CIDOC-CRM: Data Model with OWL representation
  • GoodRelations: includes for instance OpeningHoursSpecification and recognizable to Yahoo!'s SearchMonkey
  • Academic Institution Internal Structure Ontology (AIISO): Includes foaf:Organization subclasses
  • RDF Book Vocabulary
  • CiTO, The Citation Typing Ontology: OWL Ontology
  • MESUR (semantic model of the scholarly communication process)
  • MarcOnt Ontology Specification (for the sake of completeness)
  • Institutional identifier schema
  • ...
• Other formats
  • MARC Communities format
  • ZETA format (used in Sigelverzeichnis)
  • WorldCat Registry XML Schemas
    • http://worldcat.org/registry/xsd/collections/Institutions/institution.xsd
    • http://worldcat.org/registry/xsd/collections/Institutions/identifiers.xsd
    • http://worldcat.org/registry/xsd/collections/Institutions/nameLocation.xsd
    • http://worldcat.org/registry/xsd/collections/Institutions/branches.xsd
    • http://worldcat.org/registry/xsd/collections/Institutions/opac.xsd
    • http://worldcat.org/registry/xsd/collections/Institutions/virtualReference.xsd
    • http://worldcat.org/registry/xsd/collections/Institutions/administrative.xsd
    • http://worldcat.org/registry/xsd/collections/Institutions/people.xsd
    • http://worldcat.org/registry/xsd/collections/Institutions/openURL.xsd
  • OpenStreemap library tags
  • Wikipedia library template: Base of DBPedia, different in each language edition
  • I2 (Institutional Identifiers): NISO working group
  • ISO 2146 A framework for registry services in the form of an object-oriented data model.
  • Gonçalves, Fox, and Watson: Towards a digital library theory: a formal digital library ontology. In: International Journal on Digital Libraries archive. Volume 8, Issue 2 (April 2008), pp 91-114 (includes a data model of digital libraries)
  • DELOS Reference Model for Digital Library Management Systems
  • Opening Hours Use Case on the ESW Wiki
  • Kruk, Sebastian Ryszard, and Bill McDaniel. Semantic Digital Libraries. Berlin: Springer, 2009.